tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-24722018256795703702024-02-08T03:28:59.821-08:00Essay writing on footballAmalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.comBlogger166125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-60577718029556897412020-08-27T11:50:00.001-07:002020-08-27T11:50:11.337-07:00Impact of Innovation on Economic Perfomance on Micro and Macro Level EssayEffect of Innovation on Economic Perfomance on Micro and Macro Level - Essay Example This paper is perhaps the best case of far reaching hypothetical examination of the component of the effect of innovation changes on the intensity of an organization or a whole economy of a nation. The more tight and progressively serious business condition is driving firms to advance so as to keep up their reality as a market player. In any case, as more firms develop, the battle to keep up their offer in the market thus gets different firms to advance, catching everyone to be a piece of a complex monetary cycle. A wellspring of new innovation is the societyââ¬â¢s scan for expanded monetary effectiveness and a true want to diminish the cost that it needs to pay for the accessibility of products. Regardless of whether the motivation behind the innovation is to improve its compelling utilization of accessible characteristic assets or to increment or adjust the flexibly of accessible assets, it has affected what individuals purchase (henceforth made new interest types), what they decide to do with their time (prompting new market for recreation occasions), what positions are lost because of changes in the general financial blend, and perhaps the cost of different merchandise that contend with the items, that were created utilizing new innovation. Examination, enterprise, new businesses, solidification of organizations, cooperation with different organizations and monetary markets make a situation that is decisive to advancements. Novel patterns in creative exercises are affected by new advances, adjustments in the current information base, just as changes in customer needs. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-27732679707134794922020-08-22T11:47:00.001-07:002020-08-22T11:47:31.500-07:00The Scarlet Letter Essay Paper Example For StudentsThe Scarlet Letter Essay Paper The book The Scarlet Letter is about imagery. Individuals and articles are emblematic of occasions and considerations. Over the span of the book, Nathaniel Hawthorne utilizes Hester, Pearl, and Arthur Dimmesdale to connote Puritanic and Romantic methods of reasoning. Hester Prynne, through the eyes of the Puritans, is an outrageous miscreant; she has conflicted with the Puritan ways, submitting infidelity. For this irreversibly brutal sin, she should wear an image of disgrace for a mind-blowing remainder. Nonetheless, the Romantic methods of reasoning of Hawthorne put down the Puritanic convictions. She is an excellent, young lady who has trespassed, however is excused. Hawthorne depicts Hester as heavenly maternity and she can't take the blame no matter what. Hester, however the physical red letter, a Puritanical indication of disownment, is appeared through the creators tone and expression as a wonderful, gold and brilliant piece. Pearl, Hesters youngster, is depicted Puritanically, as an offspring of transgression who ought to be treated in that capacity, monstrous, insidious, and disgraced. The peruser all the more obviously sees that Hawthorne cautiously, and once in a while not unobtrusively by any means, places Pearl over the rest. She wears brilliant garments, is amazingly savvy, beautiful, and decent. As a general rule, she gives her insight and free idea, an attribute of the Romantics. One of Pearls most loved exercises is playing with blossoms and trees. (The peruser will review that anything subsidiary with the woodland was abhorrent to Puritans. To Hawthorne, be that as it may, the woods was lovely and common.) And she was gentler here the backwoods than in the green margined lanes of the settlement, or in her moms bungalow. The blossoms seemed to know it (194) Pearl fit in with characteristic things. Additionally, Pearl is consistently bubbly and euphoric, which is certainly a negative to the Puritans. Pearl is a virtual yelling match between the Puritanical perspectives and the Romantic ways. To most, yet particularly the Puritans, one of the most significant individuals from a network is the strict pioneer; Arthur Dimmesdale is no special case. He was held over the rest, and this is demonstrated in one of the principal scenes of the book. As Hester is over the townspeople on a platform, Dimmesdale, Governor Wilson, and others are still over her. However, as the peruser before long finds, Arthur Dimmesdale is the cause all his own problems. He loathes himself and should genuinely incur torment upon himself. He along these lines exemplified the steady reflection wherewith he tormented, however couldn't cleanse, himself to always remember what he has done (141). To Dimmesdale, unfortunately Hester is indicated openly as a heathen, yet individuals overlook that. What is far more awful than open disgrace is Dimmesdales own savage internal disgrace. Comprehending what just he and Hester know, the mystery destroys each fiber of Dimmesdales being. As the Puritans hold up Dimmesdale, the Romantics level him as a human. The Scarlet Letter is a heap of metaphorical speculations and methods of reasoning. Extending from Puritanic to Romantic, Nathaniel Hawthorne epitomizes his plans to pressure his Romantic ways of thinking through Pearl, Hester, and Dimmesdale all through the entirety of this. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-35011647429317055012020-08-21T09:29:00.001-07:002020-08-21T09:29:18.290-07:00Topic Ideas About Nature In An EssayTopic Ideas About Nature In An EssayEssay topics about nature are a good way to get your students involved and learning about nature in the classroom. In the world we live in, many things have changed and so has our relationship with nature.With our growing human population, we need to rely on our local environment to sustain our food supply. Our natural resources are becoming more scarce and the price of fuel is soaring. While all this happens, we need to learn more about nature to keep our world safe.One of the best essay topics about nature that can be used in a science class, biology class, or economics class would be research on the earth's resources and the effects of our use of the earth has on our planet. In this subject, you will be able to give examples that relate to the concepts that you have learned in class. You will also be able to show examples that use your topic ideas in a way that is fun and interesting for your readers. When a student asks a question regarding you r topics, explain what you are discussing and how the students can learn more.Another great essay topic about nature is about natural disasters and how they can impact on our planet. What could a flood do to the environment? How does climate change affect our natural resources?When an essay topic about nature is used for a class assignment on natural disasters, it is always good to prepare a proper outline and use several effective strategies. You will want to first discuss in class how many natural disasters can occur in any given year and how each has a different effect on the environment. Discuss how certain weather patterns or a particular location may have greater chances of experiencing severe weather events and give examples of these events in which students can see examples of.Next, you will want to discuss the possibilities and possible scenarios for severe weather events and then tell the reader how the weather can affect the earth's natural resources and how our world mig ht be affected if we have too much or too little of one particular element in the environment. You will then go into the natural disasters themselves and the long-term effects they can have on our environment. You will also be able to tell the reader about specific natural disasters and some ways to help prevent them or stop them from happening.Lastly, you will want to discuss the negative effects on our world and on our environment of unnatural and man made natural disasters and how you can help prevent this from happening in the future. You will be able to give examples of how you can help this along by spreading the word about how natural disasters can affect the environment, and giving examples of how you can help people and environment.A good example of a topic on nature that has a strong theme of pollution is the phrase 'the damage done by pollution to our world'. The argument can be made that without pollution, our planet would be far worse off, but that is not the point. The point is that as long as pollution exists, it will also affect our environment and it is vital that we find ways to help clean up the environment. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-44359034738661183962020-05-25T17:33:00.001-07:002020-05-25T17:33:03.512-07:00Socrates And Aristotle s Views On Democracy - 1124 Words The United States is known for its many liberties to all, liberties that lead to all sorts of bad according to Socrates and Aristotle. Plato-Socrates in The Republic and Aristotle in Politics criticize democracy, a form of government that tries to equalize all. Centuries have passed and many of the democratic elements described in their works apply to current democratic regimes in particular the United States. Socrates believes that democracy is the second worst type of government. Democracy is having ââ¬Å"â⬠¦complete freedom and dignity.â⬠(p.261 C5) and ââ¬Å"â⬠¦no notice of the law.â⬠(p.261 D5) It is the avoidance of anyoneââ¬â¢s control. Those in democracy are motivated simply by pleasure that accompanied freedom and dignity. There is an analogy in theâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Aristotle says that justice is thought of as equality among all, there is a disregard to merit (p.172). In a society, there is usually more poor people and because there is this demand of equality then the majority rule (p.174). Mob rule is then authoritative. All governments have their forms, which are good and are bad. Democracy to Aristotle is not the best regime because it is ruled by the poor or the ones that need from the government. Government is not chosen by those who pursue virtue, but instead pursue wealth. The democratic principle is that of freedom, wealth, and birth. Not virtue. He believes the best regime would not be exactly a democracy but a polity that would be a combination of freedom, wealth, birth and virtue. The best regime has ideal conditions in which it becomes a predictable regime and consists of values, choices, the inanimate, elements of the class of workers, and the education of rulers. Democracy has a big defect in that it does not have intelligence or wisdom. It is the rule of many. It is based on the idea of happiness by following pleasures (p.48). Democracy comes into play when the majority revolt against the oligarchy because of the ideas of freedom. The problem with it is that people are pursuing their pleasures, not thinking of the state as a whole. There is unity based on pleasure. Before long, everyone is pursuing their own pleasures and there is an undermining of authorityShow MoreRelatedPolitical Philosophy, By Steven Cahn1197 Words à |à 5 PagesIn Steven Cahn s book, Political Philosophy, The Essential Texts, philosoph ers such as Socrates, Plato, Aristotle, Hobbes, Locke and Rousseau created the circumstances to enable the fundamental principals of philosophy and politics. These knowledgeable, astute and significant men have helped to achieve the structure of our past and present democracy as well as a plan of action for the rights and values that we as citizens can all relate to today. They are grounded in their thinking and tied togetherRead MoreComparing Aristotle s 8 1455 Words à |à 6 Pagesgovernment. In book 8 Socrates starts to wrap up his depiction of a just city. He starts to break down the four unjust constitutions of the city and man. Timocracy, which is represented by the honor-driven man who resembles and rules that sort of government. There is an oligarchy, ruled by a man driven by his necessary appetites. Democracy, in which the man is controlled by unnecessary appetites. And finally there is tyranny, which the man is driven by unlawful appetites. Socrates towards the end ofRea d MoreComparing The And The Odyssey998 Words à |à 4 Pagesstability and conformity. Athens acted as free people and had a true democracy and was eager to learn new ideas. On the other hand the Spartans created little art and militaristically driven. Both were strong city-states but had different views and ideas on how daily life should be carried out. 4. The Greeks idea of a democracy was that all male citizens (1/5 of the population) could have a say. The Athenian political system was a democracy because any class could propose a new law or be involved in theRead MoreGreek Philosophers Bible On The Ancient World And English I2969 Words à |à 12 PagesSpring 2015 Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle s early lives affected their careers and Greek society, and their deaths and works of literature affected today s society. Socrates started out as a stone mason who eventually devoted most of his time to philosophy. Socrates works of literature reflect his world views and opinions. These opinions had a fatal consequence; he was persecuted for corrupting the youth of Athens. Socrates was Plato s teacher and instructor. Plato usedRead MoreComparing Aristotle and Plato Essays1325 Words à |à 6 PagesComparing Aristotle and Plato Aristotle argues that in order for a polis to emerge, a union between man and women must convene. Later a household must be introduced which unites with other households to form a village, villages come together to form city-states. This theory is Aristotleââ¬â¢s natural view that an individual can not be self sufficient Plato argues that, in order to achieve absolute justice, a city-state is needed. In The Republic, Plato builds around the idea of Philosopher RulersRead MoreGreece s Impact On The World1360 Words à |à 6 Pagesto start itââ¬â¢s first direct democracy, philosophers set up the foundation on how to think, and great minds who discovered the basics of Science and Math to medicine and astronomy emerged from Greece. When the United States of America finally declared their independance from Britain, there was order needed. In result to the ââ¬Å"breakupâ⬠between Britain, the first order of government in the United States was influenced by the Athens- the cradle of democracy. Ancient democracy was constructed in AthensRead MoreSocrates And Plato s Views On The Society1308 Words à |à 6 Pages Socrates had different views from the Athenians. He believed that democracy wouldn t work in their society, nor in any society. He doesn t believe that the people are capable of governing themselves. Socrates and Plato believed that the common man was too stupid, to say the least, to govern him/herself and to have a say in society. Socrates was in pursuit or truth his entire life. In his eyes, how could he let someone have the capabilities to make their own decisions with the potential for anRead MoreThe Socratic Problem Of Socrates1462 Words à |à 6 PagesSocrates was born in 469 B.C.E., in Athen s, Greece. He was a loyal citizen of Athens who also served as a soldier as required for Athens males. His philosophy, or as it was called, his Socratic Method, laid the stones for what became to be known as Western philosophy. However, Socrates remains one of the most powerful, yet misunderstood and enigmatic figures of philosophy. What is known about Socrates comes from writings of other philosophers, such as his follower Plato, and Platoââ¬â¢s student, AristotleRead MoreHistorical Events That Took Place During The Classical Period1458 Words à |à 6 PagesWorld Literature I Historically Significant Influences of Aristotle During the Classical Period, 500-232 BCE, Greece was at the peak of its political and cultural achievement. This was also a time of war, most noteworthy being the vast empire created by Alexander the Great. In a period containing such an immense amount of historical significance there is no doubting that it had influenced the people born. Notorious philosopher Aristotle is no exception, contributing a great deal to the fields ofRead MorePlato s Ideal State1919 Words à |à 8 PagesPlato in this part of our presentation, we take a look at another important part of the teachings of Plato s ideal state in particular and the political views of Plato, in general. Plato s ideal state - a speculative concept, which takes place in comparison with other types of which Plato also describes. First of all, we mean the four imperfect form of the state - timocracy, oligarchy, democracy and tyranny. Also in this context, it is advisable to consider utopian aristocratic republic, described Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-45082602465553868342020-05-14T23:50:00.001-07:002020-05-14T23:50:03.652-07:00Nelson Mandela s Fight For Freedom And Equality - 1632 Words The underlying need-structure of the individual is what motivates his behavior in various leadership situations. Leadership style thus refers to the consistency of goals or needs at different situations (Fred Fiedler, 1967). One major individual from history that, in his lifetime fulfilled the above quote is the former South African president, Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela, commonly known as Nelson Mandela. Mandela has been described as one of the most influential figures in the fight for freedom and equality in South Africa. Mandela was born in 1918. His farther, Henry Mandela, was a tribal chief of Tembu. At the time South Africa was ruled by white minority, Mandela helped to unite South Africa as it dismantled apartheid, the cruel system of white minority rule. He symbolized for all of Africa a commitment to democracy and freedom. For effective transformative education and transformative leadership, a sympathetic position must be taken (Preece, 2013). Mandela demonstrated this thought his life time as he was not only sympathetic to African indigenous values, but also able to see that taking the same approach as his adversaryââ¬â¢s was not going to help further his cause, this is seen through his encouragement of his followers to seek education to better their situations not violence. Through out the 1940s and 1950s Mandela witnessed and was frequently victim to frequently subject to detention, police harassments, and banning.In 1962 Mandela was sentenced for five years ofShow MoreRelatedNelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, And Patrisse Cullors1500 Words à |à 6 PagesCivil Rights- noun: the rights of citizens to political and social freedom and equality. Nelson Mandela, Harriet Tubman, and Patrisse Cullors all share one common trait: civil rights and protecting the freedom of others. Nelson Mandela fought for freedom against the apartheid in South Africa, and was a philanthropist who served as President in South Africa. Harriet Tubman was abolitionist, armed scout and spy, who helped hundreds of slaves escape through the Underground Railroad during the CivilRead MoreGke 1 Task 21300 Words à |à 6 PagesNelson Mandela was known as a world leader for his role in fighting apartheid and being the first multi-racial president of South Africa. His presidency created a s ignificant change in the perception and building of a multiracial society in South Africa and around the world. Nelson Mandela was also known to be a leader of a civil rights organization known as the African National Congress. The purpose of the African National Congress was to demolish racial segregation and discrimination. The two mostRead MoreNelson Mandelas Fight for Freedom1646 Words à |à 7 Pagesbecause of the pigment in your skin. For Nelson Mandela, this situation was a reality. This style of living began in 1948 and, thanks to Mandela, ended in 1994. Problems began when the National Party---dominated by Afrikaans-speaking descendants of the Dutch settlersââ¬âcame to power in South Africa. Segregation and mistreatment of the less superiorââ¬ânon-whites--became a government policy called ââ¬Å"apartheid,â⬠which means ââ¬Å"apartnessâ⬠in the Afrikaans language. Nelson Mandela refused to bow down to the unjustRead MoreThe Bravery of Nelson Mandela1431 Words à |à 6 Pages ââ¬Å"For to be free is not merely to cast off oneââ¬â¢s chains, but to live in a way that respects and enhances the freedom of othersâ⬠(Newsone.com, 2011). Bravery is a phrase topped up with numerous connotations. Bravery is to stand your ground and gaze worry in the face and overcome the unrealistic. One will not face their fears or display anyone can be a champion, but it is the brave and audacious hearted actions of an individual that divides them from other amateurs that cannot fit the recount. NotRead MoreLeaders for Social and Political Change1007 Words à |à 5 Pageshatred, and racism, as well as personal and political struggles. From the many injustices our predecessors have overcome, leaders have emerged. Individuals who will forever be revered by millions and will hopefully continue to inspire our youth. Nelson Mandela and Reverend Martin Luther King Jr. are two leaders that have greatly impacted not only their country, but the world. Both of these leaders h ad a significant impact on the people of their cause, both in a political aspect as well as for socialRead MoreThe Legacy Of Nelson Mandela1377 Words à |à 6 Pagesto the succeeding generations. Nelson Mandela is among these few charismatic leaders, who spent his entire life for his unquenchable thirst for freedom and human rights. His life was a consistent battle; battle against inequality, racism, peace and democracy. His perseverance and indomitable spirit helped him to attain his goal and his noble mission of spreading equality and establishing human rights. The contemporary situation was not at all favourable for him. Nelson Mandelaââ¬â¢s entire life is theRead MoreMahatma Gandhi And Nelson Mandela1447 Words à |à 6 PagesIf Mahatma Gandhi never inspired Nelson Mandela to fulfill his vision for human rights, would Nelson Mandela have inspired Barack Obama to continue that legacy? Mahatma Gandhi practiced civil disobedience and lobbied for the rights of Indians in South A frica and India. Nelson Mandela hungered and fought for a South Africa, where all races were equal and unified as nationalists. Barack Obama sought to build a more tolerant United States through his historic presidency, immigration policies, andRead MoreNelson Mandela s Legacy Of The Black People Of South Africa1567 Words à |à 7 PagesNelson Mandela was a leader in every aspect for the black people of South Africa from the minute he was born to the minute he died. While Nelson Mandela was on trial for sabotage, [a crime that he did not actually commit] he said these words that defined his legacy until the day that he died, ââ¬Å"During my lifetime I have dedicated myself to this struggle of the African people. I have fought against white domination, and I have fought against black domination. I have cherished the ideal of a democraticRead MoreThe Importance Of The Civil Rights Movement1692 Words à |à 7 Pagesââ¬Å"In giving freedom to the slave, we assure freedom to the f ree -- honorable alike in what we give, and what we preserve. We shall nobly save, or meanly lose, the last best, hope of earth.â⬠-Abraham Lincoln. The United States have been through numerous community changes that occurred and altered the history. The Civil Rights Movement of the 1960ââ¬â¢s was one of the most significant and important for the equality of all people and their free rights. Since the ending of slavery in 1863, there had been aRead MoreLong Walk And Freedom By Robert Nelson Mandela1110 Words à |à 5 Pages Long Walk to Freedom, released in 1995, is a biographical story about the revolutionary and former South African President Nelson Mandela. The book narrates how Mandela becomes a remarkable leader in the construction of a democratic South Africa. It chronicles his early life, growing up, education and his 27 years in prison before becoming President and working to rebuild the country s segregated society. Mandela begins his book with a description of his ancestry and later goes on to talk about Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-37726538747357923252020-05-06T15:52:00.001-07:002020-05-06T15:52:29.461-07:00Leadership Qualities Of The Admired Leader - 860 Words The Admired Leader In this paper, a leader that is admired by many will be analyzed, and identify leadership characteristics. In the paper, Leadership qualities will be discussed that contributed to his or her success. The studentââ¬â¢s leadership style will be evaluated and explained. Express the ideas and thoughts of how to improve the effectiveness as a leader, and discuss the work with a mentor. Charismatic Leader President Ronald Reagan a Military Officer, an actor, and the Governor of California, and the President of the United States. President Reagan was a Messenger the people liked, he seemed out of the ordinary, and the people felt that he was a hero or had hero qualities. President Reaganââ¬â¢s charisma gave him the power to express his vision to the people and they believed it because he was likable and spoke with conviction. To be a good leader, you must start with yourself, he did not Micromanage; He believed in balance, and he believed in letting his people do their jobs and treated them with respect. President Reagan created a positive work environment in a high-stress position, his personality, values, and morals were solid and he was not a prisoner of his perceptions (Meese, 2011). Characteristics President Reagan had many qualities, and characteristics he was optimistic, articulate, Intelligent, well mannered, honest, friendly, and charismatic. The thing is he treated people well because he truly likes people and interacting with them. He ruled with commonShow MoreRelatedOrganizational Culture And Leadership Of A Team981 Words à |à 4 Pagessome positive or a negative opinion about their leader. The organizational culture and role of a leader in a team go hand in hand to accomplish the goal of the organization and extract the potential of every employee in that organization. Therefore, it is essential for an organization of any size to have a positive organizational culture and select team leaders that can lead its employees. In a general sense of a corporate organization, a team-leader is the person to whom everyone in your team reportsRead MoreEssay on William Wilberforce: a Biography1103 Words à |à 5 Pages 1 Discover on Your Own William Wilberforce, Biography Concordia University EDGR 506 Character and Ethics of Leadership Instructor July 1, 2013 Discover On Your Own 2 Week 3 - Discover on Your Own 1. The 4 ââ¬â 5 qualities in my leader I most admired wereâ⬠¦. Prior to taking this class I had heard the name Wilberforce in the saying, ââ¬Å"Donââ¬â¢t be a Wilberforce!â⬠. The saying did not have a good connotationRead MoreThe Philosophy Of Leadership And Leadership914 Words à |à 4 Pages1. Leadership is defined on Merriam-Webster.com as ââ¬Å"the power or ability to lead other peopleâ⬠. This definition is weak at best. Throughout my career, I have witnessed this form of leadership applying control of power, simply leading by giving direction, guidelines and instruction. There never seemed to be any care for if they were actually inspiring the next generation to follow in their footsteps. This seems counterproductive at best. In my experience, I have found that I always worked harderRead MoreThe Dark Night : The And Chief Of Police1340 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Dark Night has multiple leaders that are powerful in different ways. Batman, while being the main character is not the one leader in the movie, but instead works with others and other leaders to help keep Gotham safe. The leaders I identified are Batman, Joker, and the chief of police, Gordon. Together and against they lead very different groups of people. In this paper I will be examining how each identified leader exhibits multiple sources of power. In the fifth chapter the authors definesRead MoreAmazon And Starbucks Management Systems849 Words à |à 4 Pagesand contrasting Amazon and Starbucks management systems and how they support innovation. In addition, pros and cons of their management system will be addressed to determine their leadership and cultural differences. Overarching Leadership Common leadership traits of both Amazon and Starbucks successful and admired fortune 500 companies are their ability to adapt creatively and effectively to challenges and change. Strong and active coping skills is how they recover from setbacks, are openRead MoreA Leader, The Basketball Star For The Cleveland Cavaliers Essay1174 Words à |à 5 PagesGrowing up I was always told to be a leader and not a follower, and as a child I did not think much of that saying. However, in recent years I have begun to grasp what it truly means to be a leader. A leader is someone who brings several people together to accomplish a common goal. A leader possesses the motivation and determination to achieve the said goal. It is easy to recognize a leader like LeBron James, the basketball star for the Cleveland Cavaliers, or JT Barrett, the starting quarterbackRead More Organzational Leadership Essays1653 Words à |à 7 Pagesin the environment, which has caused them to reevaluate how they do business. Economic changes, globalization, and expansions in technology have warranted the need to adapt quickly to changes in the environment (Schneider, 2002). Organizational leadership has three general components: setting the direction for the organization, organizational performance, and change management (Johnson, 2011). It is critical for organizations to position themselves in this competitive market for success. To maintainRead MoreWho Is The Best Solution?1105 Words à |à 5 Pagesthese rules and regulations are implemented by great visionaries called leaders. It is important for an individual to keep an open mind when implementing such laws. It is evaluating both sides of the argument to come into an agreement for the best solution. Visionaries thrive to inspire and gain the trust of society by not only considering solutions for the present, but avoiding potential threats for the future. Trustworthy leaders ensure confidence and security in order to reach a common goal. ThereRead MoreConvergys Code of Business Conduct1397 Words à |à 6 PagesCompany Philosophy Vision: Convergys is the leader in relationship management. They provide innovative solutions that drive more value from their clientsââ¬â¢ everyday relationships with their customers and employees. Convergys is acknowledged as a world leader that enables organizations everywhere to enhance the value of their relationships through excellent and efficient outsourcing programs. Convergys provides their clients with new perspectives and solutions to their existing and future relationshipsRead MoreLeadership And Leadership Practices And Expectations958 Words à |à 4 Pagesit takes to become an effective leader. The researchers wanted to know how ordinary men and women practiced their skills while they were in leadership. The analysis consisted of surveys that covered thousands of cases over a few years. The research revealed consistent leadership practices and expectations. Research has shown that leadership can be learned, and there are ten basic lessons on what it When you ask most people how they became great leaders, they say ââ¬Å"trial and error.â⬠It Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-43182073882528536152020-05-05T18:11:00.001-07:002020-05-05T18:11:08.120-07:00Revisiting Family Involvement On Corporate -Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Revisiting Family Involvement On Corporate? Answer: Introduction The different accounting theories efficiently lay down the set of methodologies and assumptions that are utilized for the preparation of a proper financial report. There are various accounting theories that have efficiently guided the preparation of the financial reports. These accounting theories have been modified over time in order to suit the current requirements of the corporate entities and other stakeholders of business. The journal that has been chosen in this particular study is, Behavioral Agency Theory: New Foundations for Theorizing about Executive Compensation by Alexander Pepper and Julie Gore. Journal review Behavioral Agency theory The Agency theory is an important economic theory that is utilized by the firms as the required principles for preparing the financial reports. The agency theory that has been proposed by this paper promotes the new concept in regards to this particular theory that is, behavioral agency theory. The behavioral agency theory pivots around the factors like the performance of the agent and motivation of the employees in regards to the work. This theory further states that the demands of the individuals holding the shares of an organization and the respective agents can only be aligned when the management of the organization has provided enough motivation to its employees by making the optimum utilization of the available opportunities. The behavioral agency theory has been established upon those four foundations that have been identified as the crucial factors that affect the stakeholder behavior (Bosse Phillips, 2016). These four foundations are as follows: Aversion of loss and dependence on reference Temporal discounting Fairness and inequity aversion The particular journal that has been chosen, also leads to an introduction of the goal-setting theory in regards to the agency model based on the grounds of a practical contract between the agent and the principal (Cui, 2017). Positive Agency Theory The positive agency theory points out traditional outlook of the agency theory. This means that the positive agency theory evidently assumes that the primary aim of the corporate entities is to seek profit while the agents are both rational in nature and seeks rent. Furthermore, the positive agency theory also takes into assumption that the principals that form one of the major elements in the theory to be neutral of risks. This is due to the fact that the principals can balance their portfolio. The agents on the other hand are exposed to the risks, this is because the potential effects of wealth in regards to the employment relationship are significant (Madison caes et al, 2016). Behavioral Agency Theory The journal lists out the primary differences between the positive agency theory and the behavioral agency theory. The positive agency theory puts less stress on the organizational objective to motivate the agents so that the optimum performance abilities of the employees can be achieved. The behavioral agency theory on the other hand, proposes that the maximization of the performance of the agents should in all probabilities be one of the major objectives of the organization. Furthermore, the agency theory suggests that the linkage existing in the agent and the principal should reflect the efficiency of the organization. However, the behavioral agency theory moves away from the analytical structure set by the traditional agency theory in respect of the three major points. Firstly, the positive agency theory puts stress on the agency costs that rise due to a misbalanced relationship between the agent and the principal. The behavioral agency theory on the other hand stresses on the li nk between the costs that rise due to the agency problem and work related performance by measuring them on the basis of efficiency and effectiveness. Moreover, the behavioral agency theory proposes a softer approach to the agency problem in comparison to positive agency theory. Lastly, the behavioral agency theory indicates a much complicated function that is essentially based upon the effort put forth by the employees that is exposed to risk, loss and aversion in regards to uncertainty while the positive agency theory suggests a linear relationship between motivation and pay (Pepper Gore, 2015). Conclusion The behavioral agency theory comprises of four sectors that aims to explain the particulars of the theory in a detailed way (Pepper Gore, 2015). The first sector explains the particular way in which the link between the performances by a particular employee with the motivation provided has been explained. Secondly, the relationship between compensation and agent motivation has been explained. The third sector constitutes of the explanation of the factors like the inclusion of time discounting in this particular theory. Lastly, the differences between the intrinsic and the extrinsic motivation and the identification of the potential tradeoff between the two have been aimed to justify by the behavioral agency theory. This particular journal article has provided an improved understanding in regards to the sources or basis of foundation and further developments of the agency theory especially the part where it is applicable to the compensation to the executives. References Bosse, D. A., Phillips, R. A. (2016). Agency theory and bounded self-interest. Academy of Management Review, 41(2), 276-297. Cui, V., Ding, S., Liu, M., Wu, Z. (2017). Revisiting the Effect of Family Involvement on Corporate Social Responsibility: A Behavioral Agency Perspective. Journal of Business Ethics, 1-19. Madison, K., Holt, D. T., Kellermanns, F. W., Ranft, A. L. (2016). Viewing family firm behavior and governance through the lens of agency and stewardship theories. Family Business Review, 29(1), 65-93. Montano, D. E., Kasprzyk, D. (2015). Theory of reasoned action, theory of planned behavior, and the integrated behavioral model. Health behavior: Theory, research and practice, 95-124. Pepper, A., Gore, J. (2015). Behavioral agency theory: New foundations for theorizing about executive compensation. Journal of management, 41(4), 1045-1068. Shogren, K. A., Wehmeyer, M. L., Palmer, S. B., Forber-Pratt, A. J., Little, T. J., Lopez, S. (2015). Causal agency theory: Reconceptualizing a functional model of self-determination. Education and Training in Autism and Developmental Disabilities, 251-263. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-55775207422194295812020-04-11T15:36:00.001-07:002020-04-11T15:36:02.607-07:00Athletes not overpaid free essay sample In a world with numerous and various types of occupations, it is often difficult to measure the importance of each profession monetarily. Each person, society and organization has a different perspective on the significance of certain occupations but it seems that cross-culturally there is a common belief that professional athletes are extremely overpaid. Professional athletes worldwide are often questioned regarding their controversially large amount of pay. Taking into consideration the amount of workload and pressure most professional athletes deal with, it can be justified that they deserve the amount of money they make, showing that they are not overpaid. Firstly, consumers are willing to pay the athletes large amounts of money and also, they do not use taxpayerââ¬â¢s money. Professional athletes earn an appropriate amount of money in regards to their occupation and this should not come under criticism by the public. Consumers are willing to pay billions and billions of dollars (repetition) yearly to show their passion and dedication towards their favorite sports teams. We will write a custom essay sample on Athletes not overpaid or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Many people pay for overpriced tickets and merchandise just to support their team, and will, however complain about the huge paychecks the athleteââ¬â¢s cash in at the end of the day. As long as consumers continue paying that much money for merchandise (alliteration) and games, the teams will continue making a lot of money and consequently the players will make even more. As a fan of the Chicago Bulls, a multi-million dollar franchise, I have spent a Dhatt 2 lot of money on my favorite playerââ¬â¢s jerseys, shoes, posters and game tickets. A lot more money than Iââ¬â¢d like to admit. The professional athletes are not to blame. Consumers continue to spend money like water (simile) and then proceed to accuse the athletes of having huge lump sums of cash. We as consumers have gladly given up our money to show our support towards a specific team. The consumers are more than willing to pay for overpriced merchandise; therefore the professional athletes are entitled to the money. (Paragraph: narration). The most common issue the public has is the large earnings of professional athletes. There is always great controversy over how much athletes are paid. People say doctors, nurses, teachers and police officers should be paid more as they benefit society. If that is the case, people should be prepared to pay higher taxes as we do pay for their wages. The money athletes make is a whole other ball game (metaphor), as we do not fund their games as taxpayers, the multi million-dollar corporations and big CEOââ¬â¢s do and they do not seem to have a problem with paying their athletes millions of dollars every season. So why should we? (Rhetorical question). The reality is, if LeBron James took a huge cut in his paycheck, no nurse or doctor or public service man would benefit. The same people do not pay them. The government and taxpayers do not fund professional athletes. The money spent on the teams is the ownerââ¬â¢s money with which they can do whatever they would like. Members of the public should not criticize the professional athletes, as they do not use taxpayer money to pay their own bills. (Paragraph: Cause and Effect). Dhatt 3 Professional athletes earn an appropriate amount of money in regards to their occupation and this should not come under criticism by the public. Consumers gladly pay a lot of money to support their favorite teams. Also, people should not be concerned with the paychecks of professional athleteââ¬â¢s, as taxpayer money is not used to fund them. Athletes are not overpaid. One has to consider the constant pressure and hard work they put in to be the best. From a young age many people aspire to become athletes, as the passion drives them rather than the money. Money is not relevant therefore they should not be criticized for it. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-89409978326295300332020-03-10T08:56:00.001-07:002020-03-10T08:56:03.071-07:00Royal Air Force EssaysRoyal Air Force Essays Royal Air Force Paper Royal Air Force Paper This quote from Bennis (cited in Hooper Potter 2000) goes to the heart of the current debate about Leadership and explains, in part, why so many people are discovering that it is difficult to be an effective leader. There are numerous leadership models espoused by various individuals and organisations, from politicians to academics, multi-national conglomerates to military organisations. They have various threads that inter-weave and draw from each other, quite often overlapping, all have there limitations and criticisms. The Transformational Leadership Model is just one of them, which developed over a period, within a cohesive environment, not in isolation. Therefore, as will be identified throughout this essay there are strands of transformational leadership in numerous leadership models. Initially, transformational leadership will be defined and then compared against Bass Full Range Leadership Model, this will then be followed by an introduction into military leadership before analysing the Royal Air Forces current leadership attributes against the tenets of transformational leadership. Indeed, whilst the RAFs leadership attributes are fairly recent in their publication, 2007, we will ask ourselves whether previous generations of leaders have displayed the qualities of a transformational leader. For this purpose, an example of an excellent strategic RAF Leader, Air Chief Marshall Sir Arthur Bomber Harris will be evaluated against the Transformational Leadership Model. The first question to answer then is, what is transformational leadership? Burns (1978) proposed that transformational leadership is a relationship of shared stimulation and elevation that converts followers into leaders and may convert leaders into moral agents. Burns concepts were further developed by Bass and Avolio (1994) who suggested that the transactional leader recognises and exploits an existing need or demand of a potential follower (Bass 1998), however, beyond that, the transformational leader looks for potential motives in followers, seeks to satisfy higher needs and engages the full person of the follower. According to Saddler (1997) Transformational Leadership is the process of engaging the commitment of employees in the context of shared values and shared vision that is linked to trust and, according to Bass and Avolio (1990) and Bass (1998), the four tenets of Transformational Leadership are: a. Idealised Influence. The power of a person to have intense effects on a group of followers and is characterised by self-confidence, even when things are going awry, self-determination and an ability to inspire loyalty or as stated by Northouse (1997) provide followers with a vision and a sense of mission. This might otherwise be termed charisma, which brings it close to the traits concept of leadership1. b. Inspirational Motivation. The ability through the leaders actions to lift people beyond their own expectations. It rouses followers to deliver extra effort and inspires a belief in the cause. It creates and communicates a compelling vision of what is required and builds commitment. c. Individualised Consideration. This is the consideration for others that transformational leaders show, in particular, towards their development. This factor is also marked by a willingness to listen, the readiness to delegate and the ability to appreciate a job well done. d. Intellectual Stimulation. Followers are stimulated to think about their own situation and to assess their values and beliefs. They become aware of problems and involved in their own solutions. The paradigm stresses empowerment, with the dominant interest of the leader being to establish the correct climate and support structures so that individuals can achieve organisational goals. In the mid-1980s, Bass expanded and refined the work of Burns (1978) and House (1971) by focussing on the emotional components and origins of charisma, suggesting that charisma is a necessary, but not sufficient requirement for transformational leadership. Bass expanded on his own work in 1990, joining with Avolio in 1994 to combine the transactional, transformational, and non-leadership factors to provide the Full Range Leadership Model (Northouse 1997). This model is the cornerstone of the post-industrial school of leadership (Rost 1993). The non-leadership factor in the model is the laissez-faire (LF) approach, and represents the lack of leadership. The transactional leadership component entails three factors: contingent reward (CR), management-by-exception passive (MBE-P), and management-by-exception active (MBE-A). The CR style is where the leader gains accord regarding accepted performance standards and then provides suitable rewards when the standards are achieved. This provides a strong incentive to followers and is reasonably effective. MBE refers to leadership concerning corrective criticism, negative feedback, and negative reinforcement. MBE-P involves the leader waiting until errors, shortfalls and failures become obvious, then reacting to them. MBE-A involves actively seeking indications of poor performance and taking corrective measures (Bass Avolio 1994). This model is not without its critics. Bolden et al (2004) argued that the concepts of Transactional Leadership (fostered on reciprocity) and Transformational Leadership (concerned with hearts and minds) are ambiguous and ill constructed. Ciulla (1998) pointed out that Burns would find it difficult to accept Hitler as a leader because his theory of transformational leadership is clearly a prescriptive one about the nature of morally good leadership supports his view. In contrast, if one considers Bass (1985) definition of transformational leadership, Hitler clearly qualifies. Therefore, given the discord between the theorists it is hardly surprising that those who are exercised with the practicalities of transformational leadership are finding it difficult. An underlying premise of this leadership theory is that different styles of leadership exist simultaneously within the same individual (Bass, 1985). However, numerous studies (Lowe and Gardner, 2000) demonstrating the impact of these styles of leadership on the attitudes and behaviours of employees have dismissed this proposition and focused solely on the separate effect of each of these styles (Lowe, Kroeck Sivasubramaniam, 1996). Having discussed and critiqued transformational leadership, the next stage is to identify Military Leadership and how it is applied in the RAF. The Defence Leadership Centre (2003) identifies Military Leadership as the projection of personality and character to inspire soldiers, sailors, marines and airmen to carry out what is required of them and more. Proficiency in the techniques of leadership is the foremost quality in the skill of command and contributes significantly to operational accomplishment. There is no prescription of leadership and no prearranged style of leader. Military Leadership is a combination of example, influence and compulsion dependent upon the situation. It is transformational in approach and underpinned by the ethos of Mission Command2 and a balance of military attributes, which will be discussed further later. Successful military leaders are individuals who understand themselves, the organisation, the environment in which they operate and the people that they are privileged to lead, considerable similarities with transformational leadership. Furthermore, Mission Command is split into three levels, Strategic, Operational and Tactical (or Team). This is best explained by viewing the below model. In this model, Strategic Leadership refers to leading a whole organisation with overall accountability for the other 2 levels. At this level, leadership is primarily concerned with vision, purpose or mission, alignment, values and communication. Operational Leadership defined as leading a number of teams, leadership is concerned with the implementation of strategy and issues such as enabling success through the determination of appropriate structures and creation of a climate for success. Tactical (or Team) Leadership refers to leading a single unit and requires the leader to balance the needs of the task, the team and the individual as described by the Functional Leadership model (Adair 1983), which has been the basis of the RAFs leadership training for the last thirty years. These attributes are not exclusive to each the level of leadership to which they are appointed in the model, rather that the relative importance of those attributes changes in relation to the leadership context. Adairs (1983) model is not the only model currently being studied by the RAF Leadership Training Centre, others include, the Tannenbaum Schmitt (1958) model of autocratic and democratic styles; the Mouton-Blake Grid (1964); the Hersey-Blanchard Situational Leadership model (1988); the Ashridge Management/Leadership model (Wynn Guditus 1984) and the Bass and Avolio Full Range Leadership model (Bass Avolio 1994). The later of which is gaining significant interest as the RAF goes through a period of change and transformation. The Functional Approach to Leadership is utilised by the lower echelons of the RAF. This practical model shows what it is that a leader should be doing. Few, if any, other models do this. The three circles of the Functional Approach vary in size (or importance) depending on circumstance, for example, the task can become overwhelmingly big on operations at times but at others if the team and Individual are not attended to and take precedence over the task, the people will be lost to the leader. Within the circles many other leadership models can be accommodated, such as transformational leadership, when a leader considers how to deal with task, team or individual. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-74059356387355746642020-02-22T23:23:00.001-08:002020-02-22T23:23:02.309-08:00Ecology +Strategic Decision Making and Management Science AssignmentEcology +Strategic Decision Making and Management Science - Assignment Example ?â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦..â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã ¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â ¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦......................... Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-45111831816380107152020-02-06T16:08:00.001-08:002020-02-06T16:08:03.190-08:00Virtual Working Teams Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1Virtual Working Teams - Essay Example Peru is highly collectivist, in which decision-making is trusted and valued with group emphasis (geert-hofstede.com, 2). France is highly individualistic, valuing rewards and recognition for individual accomplishment of that of group affiliation and group-based norms (geert-hofstede.com, 2); the same is true for the United States. Egyptian protocols are highly social even in the business environment (Dunn, 1). As part of expatriate training, managers will be provided exceptional literature on cultural dimensions to assist in locating top talent for the virtual team role in each geographical region. Training will consist of literature and software scenarios based on customer relationship management principles and corporate social responsibility related to government interaction and business leadership. Training will further consist of inter-dependent group methodologies in the form of role play exercises to highlight scenario responses in a virtual environment. Skype and other streaming software will assist in this development with the HR manager in the U.S. who will observe and recommend solutions based on testing scores and expatriate management assessment. For issues of cost reduction, cloud computing will be the majority of software support. This system provides access to CRM software over the Internet with pay-per-use access (Burns, 11). This will avoid the need for a defined, individualized information technology support system. Communications between teams will occur via existing e-mail systems (i.e. Lotus Notes), streaming video, and teleconferencing. These are effective systems for real-time project communications. However, a recent study using a sample of 42 interviewed virtual team members from 26 different organizations indicated that face-to-face discussion is required in order to gain commitment and build productivity (Dube & Robey, 18). To facilitate this need, key personnel Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-36329291934230389792020-01-28T22:23:00.001-08:002020-01-28T22:23:03.527-08:00Challenges of Being an Advocate and Neutral Facilitator Essay Example for Free Challenges of Being an Advocate and Neutral Facilitator Essay Dual Relationship Challenges A mediator is an impartial third party who meets with two or more people to encourage and facilitate communication in order to reach an agreement or conclusion over a conflict that exists between the two parties. The mediator is not the decision maker. The two parties and not the mediator will make the final decision. It is the legal and ethical job of the mediator to keep all communication confidential unless otherwise specified (The Association of Attorney-Mediators, 2001). The mediator should never choice anyone side or force one party to agree with the other. Because mediators are neutral, their personal beliefs and values can be a challenge. There are legal, moral, and ethical issues that mediators have to tackle when they deal with the parties conflicts. The mediator has to assure that each party is comfortable and know that their issues and thoughts are heard. It is important the mediator remain bias. Personal Perception Mediators and advocates are the vital to the human services field. Their clients depend on the mediator to inform them of their rights. They do not know the laws and the procedures that protect them. That is why mediators and advocates there to assist them. Personal Philosophy and Approach The services that are provided at the Planned Parenthood Agencies, I feel are important. Most soon to be, parents are teen who have no idea on how to tell their parents or guardians that they are expecting. The mediator at Planned Parenthood (the counselor) will be the one that will assist them on informing their parents or guardians and be the neutral party that will help them to determine the next step. Whether it be abortion, adoption or to keep the baby. The mediator is has no personal interest in the family but they do have to accept the decision of the family no matter what their personal beliefs are. Planned Parenthood is trusted health care providers, informed educators, passionate advocates, and a global partner helping similar organizations around the world. Planned Parenthood delivers vital sex education and information to millions of women, men, and young people worldwide (Parenthood) . They are mediators must remain neutral if they really want to help the families through their difficult ordeal because it takes a person who can help the two parties come to a civilized decision about their issues. Conclusion It is important that human service professionals who are mediators and advocates remain neutral when assisting parties with their issues. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-69597166069567321902020-01-20T18:47:00.001-08:002020-01-20T18:47:03.857-08:00History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Essay -- AIDS Health ImHistory of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), specific group of diseases or conditions that result from suppression of the immune system, related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A person infected with HIV gradually loses immune function along with certain immune cells called CD4 T-lymphocytes or CD4 T-cells, causing the infected person to become vulnerable to pneumonia, fungus infections, and other common ailments. With the loss of immune function, a clinical syndrome (a group of various illnesses that together characterize a disease) develops over time and eventually results in death due to opportunistic infections (infections by organisms that do not normally cause disease except in people whose immune systems have been greatly weakened) or cancers. In the early 1980s deaths by opportunistic infections, previously observed mainly in organ transplant recipients receiving therapy to suppress their immune responses, were recognized in otherwise healthy homosexual men. In 1983 French cancer specialist Luc Montagnier and scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris isolated what appeared to be a new human retrovirusââ¬âa special type of virus that reproduces differently from other virusesââ¬âfrom the lymph node of a man at risk for AIDS (see Lymphatic System). Nearly simultaneously, scientists working in the laboratory of American research scientist Robert Gallo at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, and a group headed by American virologist Jay Levy at the University of California at San Francisco isolated a retrovirus from people with AIDS and from individuals having contact with people with AIDS. All three groups of scientists isolated what is now known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. Infection with HIV does not necessarily mean that a person has AIDS, although people who are HIV-positive are often mistakenly said to have AIDS. In fact, a person can remain HIV-positive for more than ten years without developing any of the clinical illnesses that define and constitute a diagnosis of AIDS. In 1997 an estimated 30.6 million people worldwide were living with HIV or AIDSââ¬â29.5 million adults and 1.1 million children. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that between 1981, when the first AIDS cases were reported, and the end of 1997... ...easures. In 1990 HIV-infected people were included in the Americans with Disabilities Act, making discrimination against people with AIDS for jobs, housing, and other social benefits illegal. Additionally, the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act established a community-funding program designed to assist in the daily lives of people living with AIDS. This congressional act was named in memory of a young man who contracted HIV through blood products and became a public figure for his courage in fighting the disease and community prejudice. The act is still in place, although continued funding for such social programs is threatened by opposition in the U.S. Congress. The lack of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs for AIDS has spurred speculation that the funding for AIDS research is insufficient. Although the actual amount of government funding for AIDS research is large, most of these funds are used for expensive clinical studies to evaluate new drugs. Many scientists believe that not enough is known about the basic biology of HIV and recommend shifting the emphasis of AIDS research to basic research that could ultimately result in more effective medicines. History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Essay -- AIDS Health Im History of Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), specific group of diseases or conditions that result from suppression of the immune system, related to infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). A person infected with HIV gradually loses immune function along with certain immune cells called CD4 T-lymphocytes or CD4 T-cells, causing the infected person to become vulnerable to pneumonia, fungus infections, and other common ailments. With the loss of immune function, a clinical syndrome (a group of various illnesses that together characterize a disease) develops over time and eventually results in death due to opportunistic infections (infections by organisms that do not normally cause disease except in people whose immune systems have been greatly weakened) or cancers. In the early 1980s deaths by opportunistic infections, previously observed mainly in organ transplant recipients receiving therapy to suppress their immune responses, were recognized in otherwise healthy homosexual men. In 1983 French cancer specialist Luc Montagnier and scientists at the Pasteur Institute in Paris isolated what appeared to be a new human retrovirusââ¬âa special type of virus that reproduces differently from other virusesââ¬âfrom the lymph node of a man at risk for AIDS (see Lymphatic System). Nearly simultaneously, scientists working in the laboratory of American research scientist Robert Gallo at the National Cancer Institute in Bethesda, Maryland, and a group headed by American virologist Jay Levy at the University of California at San Francisco isolated a retrovirus from people with AIDS and from individuals having contact with people with AIDS. All three groups of scientists isolated what is now known as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the virus that causes AIDS. Infection with HIV does not necessarily mean that a person has AIDS, although people who are HIV-positive are often mistakenly said to have AIDS. In fact, a person can remain HIV-positive for more than ten years without developing any of the clinical illnesses that define and constitute a diagnosis of AIDS. In 1997 an estimated 30.6 million people worldwide were living with HIV or AIDSââ¬â29.5 million adults and 1.1 million children. The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that between 1981, when the first AIDS cases were reported, and the end of 1997... ...easures. In 1990 HIV-infected people were included in the Americans with Disabilities Act, making discrimination against people with AIDS for jobs, housing, and other social benefits illegal. Additionally, the Ryan White Comprehensive AIDS Resources Emergency Act established a community-funding program designed to assist in the daily lives of people living with AIDS. This congressional act was named in memory of a young man who contracted HIV through blood products and became a public figure for his courage in fighting the disease and community prejudice. The act is still in place, although continued funding for such social programs is threatened by opposition in the U.S. Congress. The lack of effective vaccines and antiviral drugs for AIDS has spurred speculation that the funding for AIDS research is insufficient. Although the actual amount of government funding for AIDS research is large, most of these funds are used for expensive clinical studies to evaluate new drugs. Many scientists believe that not enough is known about the basic biology of HIV and recommend shifting the emphasis of AIDS research to basic research that could ultimately result in more effective medicines. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-19575563545397651352020-01-12T15:11:00.001-08:002020-01-12T15:11:03.190-08:00Abraham Lincoln and the Suspension of Habeas CorpusFounding father Benjamin Franklin famously said ââ¬Å"Those who would give up Essential Liberty, to purchase a little temporary Safety, deserve neither Liberty nor Safety and will lose both. â⬠Civil Liberties are rights and freedoms that protect an individual from the state. Civil liberties set limits on the government so that its agents cannot abuse their power and interfere unduly with the lives of private citizens.In America, the founding fathers fought hard for civil liberties during the revolutionary war, and outlined all of them in the Bill of Rights. Abraham Lincoln is considered to be one of the greatest presidents in American history. Lincoln was the father of the civil war, and risked so much in order to insure slavery would be put to an end. While Lincoln is usually talked about in a positive light, he actually violated many civil liberties during the civil war.During the Civil War, Lincoln appropriated powers no previous President had wielded: he used his war power s to proclaim a blockade, suspended the writ of habeas corpus, spent money before Congress appropriated it, and imprisoned between 15,000 and 18,000 suspected Confederate sympathizers without trial. The biggest suspension of civil liberties in the history of the United States was Lincoln suspending the writ of habeas corpus. Habeas Corpus is a legal action, through which a person can seek relief from unlawful detention, or the relief of another person.The writ of habeas corpus protects persons from harming themselves, or from being harmed by the judicial system. Lincoln suspended habeas corpus in order to arrest war protesters under military authority; Lincoln did this because he believed state courts would not punish war protestors properly. While Lincoln overall was a great president, he clearly did abuse the power of the presidency during the Civil War. Lincoln suspended habeas corpus without the approval of congress and no one was even consulted to see if a violation of an impor tant civil liberty was worth suspending.While Lincoln suspended habeas corpus in order to stop protesters from creating a riot or even a counter coalition in the union, suspending civil liberties is never justified, even in times of war. The founding fathers of America fought hard and preached about inalienable rights that all people in America should have. In the constitution Article one Section nine clearly states: The privilege of the writ of habeas corpus shall not be suspended. Even though Lincoln was president, he should have never messed with the constitution, the most important document in America. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-11487412742988737542020-01-04T11:34:00.001-08:002020-01-04T11:34:04.795-08:00Emmanuel College SAT Scores, Acceptance Rate More Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-66542023359910343572019-12-27T08:00:00.001-08:002019-12-27T08:00:04.288-08:00How and When to Use the French Preposition Sur The French preposition sur, one of the most common in the French language,à usually means on, but it has a few other meanings as well depending on what its used with. Here they are. Location un livre sur la tableà a book on the tablesur ma routeà on my waysur la photoà in the photographsur le stade /à le marchà ©Ã at the stadium / marketsur la chaussà ©e, le boulevard, lavenueà in the road, boulevard, avenueIl neige sur tout le Canada.à Its snowing all over Canada. Direction tourner sur la gaucheà to turn to the leftrevenir sur Parisà to return to Paris Approximate time arriver sur les six heuresà to arrive around 6 oclockElle va sur ses 50 ans.à Shes going on 50 (years old).sur une pà ©riode dun anà over a period / the course of a year Proportion/Ratio trois fois sur quatreà three times out of fourââ¬â¹un enfant sur cinqà one child in fiveune semaine sur deuxà every other week Subject/Topic un article sur les rosesà an article on rosesune causerie sur là ©galità ©Ã a talk on/about equality After Some Verbs Followed by an Indirect Object Surà is also required after certainà French verbsà and phrases that are followed by anà indirect object. Note that there is sometimes no equivalent preposition in English but the French usage is idiomatic. Such verbs and phrase include: acheter quelque chose sur le marchà © à to buy something at the marketappuyer surà (le bouton)à à to press (the button)appuyer surà (le mur)à à to lean (on the wall)arriver surà (midi)à à to arrive at around (noon)compter surà à to count onconcentrer surà à to concentrate oncopier sur quelquunà à to copy from someonecroire quelquun sur paroleà à to take someones word, to take someone at his worddiriger son attention surà à to direct ones attention todonner surà à to overlook, open ontoà ©crire surà à to write aboutsendormir surà (un livre, son travail)à à to fall asleep (over a book, at work)sà ©tendre surà à to spread out overfermer la porte surà (vous, lui)à à to close the door behind (you, him)interroger quelquun sur quelque choseà à to question someone about somethingse jeter sur quelquunà à to throw oneself upon someoneloucher surà à to ogleprendre modà ¨le sur quelquunà à to model oneself on som eonequestionner quelquun sur quelque choseà à to question someone about somethingrà ©flà ©chir surà à to think about, reflect uponrà ©gner surà à to reign overrejeter une faute sur quelquunà à to place the blame on someonerester sur la dà ©fensiveà à to stay on the defensiverester sur ses gardesà à to keep ones guard uprevenir surà (un sujet)à à to go back over (a topic)sauter sur une occasionà à to jump at an opportunitytirer surà à to shoot attourner surà (là ©glise, la droite)à à to turn (toward the church, right) Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-82457317766387073952019-12-19T03:49:00.001-08:002019-12-19T03:49:03.159-08:00The Nature And Consequences Of Vietnam - 1576 Words The nature and consequences of US involvement in Vietnam until 1968 are categorically characterised by Economic, Social, political and military linkages with the nation on both flanks of the demilitarised zone on the 17th parallel. The consequences associated, in regards to the United States escalation of involvement in economic, social, political and military relations in both South and North Vietnam, were substantial in the sense that the United States would ultimately shape a volatile political and military forefront for an anti-communist crusade in the already established cold war environment. The nation of Vietnam, from 1946 ââ¬â 1954 were engaged in a conflict against the French imperialists for independence whilst France were in anâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The Geneva conference concluded that, by August 1954, Vietnam was to be separated temporarily in two by the 17th parallel, the communist north controlled by Ho Chi Minh and the Non-communist south established by the French. A national election was to be held in 1956 to decide the political future of the nation, a stipulation of the Geneva accords. The Non-communist south and the United States refused to sign the accord although they did decide to abide by the agreement. From the United States perspective, if the agreement had been allowed to be carried out, the consequences resulting would be a disaster as Ho Chi Minh would inevitably win the election against president Diem and the Domino Theory would fall into action. The domino theory was the centre the founding impetus for the United Statesââ¬â¢ involve ment in Vietnam; the theory dictates that if Vietnam fell to communism, the other remaining South East Asian countries would consequently follow. The communist ideology lends itself to some extent in corroborating this theory. Vladimir Lenin for example, in his writing, called for an ââ¬Å"International revolutionâ⬠of the communist ideology. Historian G.Lewy (1978) also argues in favour for the theoryââ¬â¢s involvement in driving an impetus for US involvement in Vietnam, that there is an ââ¬ËAmerican anti-communist crusadingââ¬â¢ behind the development of US relations with Vietnam. Ultimately, the United Statesââ¬â¢ Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-20678908092858135972019-12-11T00:32:00.001-08:002019-12-11T00:32:03.418-08:00Understand And Requirements Of Innovation â⬠Myassignmenthelp.Com Question: Discuss About The Understand And Requirements Of Innovation? Answer: Introduction: An economical system consists of three sectors, primary sector or agricultural sector, secondary sector or industrial sector and tertiary sector or service sector. Primary sector deals with the natural resources present within the country. This sector is associated with fishing, forestry, agriculture and mining majorly and generates raw materials which can be utilized by the other industry, specifically manufacturing sectors. Secondary sector is the industrial sector which is mainly associated with constructions and manufacturing services to produce effective products for the society (Galbraith 2015). This sector develops the economic base of society in any country by producing products for consumers. Finally, tertiary sector is service sector which provides different services to the people of a society like sales, education, tourism, finance and others. Industrial sector uses the resources or raw materials provided by primary sector to produce effective products for consumer purchase or further development. Depending on the production this sector can be divided into two parts, one is heavy industry sector and another is light industry sector (Bigliardi et al. 2012). Depending on the working principles, industrial sector can be again divided into two parts, one is manufacturing and another is construction. Few common industries that can be shown as examples are automobile industry, consumer production industry, textile industry, steel industry and many more. Purpose of the report is to discuss about industrial innovations over the years. Three basic sectors of economy are stabilized throughout ages only because of adaption and innovation. An industry only prospers when it implies innovation within. Different types of industries different types of innovation and through this report, telecommunication industry innovations are discussed. Telecommunication Industry Sector: Now-a-days human life is too much involved with telecommunication industry sector. The working area of the sector is related with the technology of information and communication. In earlier days, most of the revenue of this sector is generated by conventional telephone calls (Belussi, Gottardi and Rullani 2012). With the advancement of technology, calls are being replaced by chats, messages and e-mails. Main component of this industry is high speed internet, which is provided various broadband servers (Yami and Nemeh 2014). Revolution in Broadband Services: The major organisations in broadband services have provided four specific products for the consumers among which television, telephony and internet access are the dominant products those have remained in the market (Murray 2013). Another dominant resource is cell phones as the digital data constantly overtaking the importance of voice in communication. Bandwidth of mobile services is lower than that of residential services but the network speed is low. With the increase of network speed, over-the-top providers are coming into the market of telecommunications (Samad and Kiliccote 2012). These providers uses public internet network as a channel to promote their products competing with the conventional telecommunication products. Examples of this over the top providers are companies like Vonage and Skype. Innovative Focus: Television, telephony and internet access, which are renowned as the term Triple pay, are the major focus areas of innovations in telecommunication industry (Galbraith 2015). Pathway of this focus is the interaction between operational members of system and upstream suppliers, which can be in form of proposals or requests. These interactions are based on the inter-relationship of the interacting parties which are circumstantial and dynamic (Battistella 2014). The innovation planning is deduced from a set of ideas developed from market research and the constantly developing pressures the competitors. The innovations are dependent on the capabilities of the manufacturer. The innovators also try to focus on developing certain tools that can predict market needs or new service providing capabilities. Innovations always can be analysed either inputs or outputs (Murray 2013). Innovation in in-network and over the top services: There are two main kinds of innovations in telecommunication structure. One s in-network technology and other is over-the-network technology (Samad and Kiliccote 2012). Since inventions in internet are mainly based in software development and coding, various organisations, even individual can deliver innovations. This is the reason for which competition arises for internet based service providers in the basis of network operators and manufacturers of equipment. This causes a resistance in the competition in the basis of friction (Narula 2014). Research and Development: Research and development is another sector related with industrial innovations. Telecommunication innovation associated with researches in public sectors. The pipeline for innovation is also constructed with the help of researches in the fields of university and military (Bond and Goldstein 2015). Different public sector innovations can be shown as an example, like invention of erbium doped fibre amplifiers, which is used to amplify optic signals, a new cryptographic algorithm published by MIT in order to strengthen the security and privacy in communication system (Vonortas 2012). These are all the results of successful research and development analysis and its implementation on innovation. Business Model Innovations: Like every other industrial sectors, telecommunication sectors implement various business models to improve the quality of their products and services (De la Mothe and Paquet 2012). The fundamental requirement of innovation in this sector is the idea of next generation services (Drucker 2014). Now-a-days many industry leaders are investing capital in next generation movements regarding internet protocol networks, so the new products and services can be invented (Bigliardi et al. 2012). The traditional method of research and development in business model has been replaced with the use of new equipments and application or service providers (Yami and Nemeh 2014). Internet and entertainment industries are the newest additions to the industrial sectors and competition within the industry has begun very quickly. Innovation has become a very critical factor for them, since without embracing new business models and business partners neither innovators nor information services can progress (L ee, Olson and Trimi 2012). It is generally seen that innovation in any industry depends on reconfiguring and remodelling of the current business model utilized by that sector (Jin et al. 2015). However, innovation in telecom industry on the basis of remodelling business model has been found to be opposite in nature on the basis of several surveys as Global CEO study, surveyed in 2006. In telecom industry the CEOs are generally affected by the positive and negative effects of old and new business models, but the implementation of those business models into the reality is not been observed (Narula 2014). Generally, telecom CEOs are more involved with the invention of new products and services rather than reconfiguring the business model. According to the surveys, only 26 percent of the resources have been used in innovations in business models. Barriers in Industry Sector Innovation: There are certain barriers in industry sector innovation, associated with different sectors of the business. The paradox business model of telecom industry creates some barriers for the innovative implementation (Vonortas 2012). Due to more involvement with development with new products and new services rather than reconfiguring the business model, allows the space for new organisation emerges with more advanced tactics and consumer-friendly business model (De la Mothe and Paquet 2012). Therefore, an enhancement in the business model popularises a organisation developing similar kind of products and services (Drucker 2014). There are five basic factors in the industrial sector that generates barrier for innovation. These factors are insufficient funding, avoiding risks, isolation, lack of time commitments and wrong measures of different situations. An innovation totally depends on the start up fund for its establishment, but major problems arise when the funding becomes insufficient or comes at wrong time. Organisations, whose funding cycle is annual, cannot get a grip easily in the real world structure (Poynter 2012). The funding should follow the short term goals of the innovation, not the long term objective because the construction of any innovation depends on short term functions (Bond and Goldstein 2015). Innovations are always risky, as one cannot get too confident for its success in the initial stage. Introduction of various risk factors often stop the progress of an innovation. Sometimes industries anticipate this barrier and take measures by creating smaller prototypes for innovation and test them before introducing the innovation majorly. Rules and regulations are employed by an industry in order to protect identity information and sustain itself within the environment (Belussi, Gottardi and Rullani 2012). Sometimes these boundaries seem to be more artificial rather than beneficial. Often it has been seen that innovations do not remain within organisational boundaries. Time management is another crucial topic associated with the barrier. Training time, working time and evaluating time, all are the part of this barrier. Sometimes due to less training time or work-implementation time an innovation is affected badly. Sometimes the investment does not come timely; again sometimes the usefulness of the innovation does not get measured timely (Haufler 2013). Finally incorrect measurement hampers an innovation. Sometimes industrial organisations focus majorly in cost-revenue structures, market shares and profits rather than intangible measures like knowledge, efficiency, leade rship skills, reputation and some others. Apart from these basic barriers, there are some more general barriers that can be mentioned in order to understand the resistances in the path of innovation. Lack of leadership skills, industrial infrastructure, similarity in innovative ideas, working principles and working habit of employees associated with the innovation are some other general barriers that come in path of industrial innovation (Yami and Nemeh 2014). Government Involvement in Industrial Sector: Primary objective of economical development is the development of masses. To achieve this objective industrial sector has been used as a key element by a good number of governments. In most of the developed and developing countries private sector of the total market has been targeted for industrialization. The role of government and involvement in the development are very crucial (Jin et al. 2015). Depending on the evaluation of intellectual, financial and industrial assets government can anticipate the success of industrial sector and thus motivates it. Technological advancement is another important process associated with industrialization, where government intervention has been proved to be necessary (Battistella 2014). Subsidization of efforts in technology and registration of patents by different firms are the primary intervention of government in the technological process of industry sector. Information technology centre can be established by government which can be rented to t he private sectors (Poynter 2012). Proper infrastructure should be provided by government like proper construction, effective transport and power system. In case of telecom industry the broadband services are the additional infrastructure that can be provided (Haufler 2013). Involvement in the financial sector of the industries, like telecommunication and other industry is proven beneficial as a single, good investment is more effective than a number of moderate investments. Intervention and regulation of financial market for innovation of an industry is another government involvement that can be mentioned (Lee, Olson and Trimi 2012). Involvement of government reduces market failures of an industrial sector. Government policies like direct investing in the industrial sectors, enhancement of competition between various organisations belonging to a specific sector reduces the risks developed due to rising of monopoly, insufficient or misdirected investment, involvement of externalities and some others. Conclusion: Innovation is the key factor for survival of any economic sector, specifically industrial sector as the baseline of this sector is construction and manufacturing. In order to survive in the market any organisation relating to a specific industry must introduce innovation so that it can get a hold of a great deal of consumers. Telecommunication is an uprising industry in the global market. Use of internet and broadband services are becoming the keys of social life. Therefore, every organisation associated with this industry always looks to bring something new and better in the market. Often it can be seen that innovation in product or services does not involve reconfiguration in business model. Although there are many innovations already have been occurred in this sector, there are still many potential innovations that can be done in this industry. Rise of big data which is the backbone for innovation in this industry can be furnished more. New products can come into the market that c an meet the consumer requirements for personal, commercial and other various activities. Moreover, the speed of human life is elevating proportionally with the speed of internet and broadband services, which develops the field for more innovation of products and services in the industrial sectors. References: Battistella, C., 2014. The organisation of Corporate Foresight: A multiple case study in the telecommunication industry.Technological Forecasting and Social Change,87, pp.60-79. Belussi, F., Gottardi, G. and Rullani, E. eds., 2012.The technological evolution of industrial districts(Vol. 29). Springer Science Business Media. Bigliardi, B., Ivo Dormio, A. and Galati, F., 2012. The adoption of open innovation within the telecommunication industry.European Journal of Innovation Management,15(1), pp.27-54. Bond, P. and Goldstein, I., 2015. Government intervention and information aggregation by prices.The Journal of Finance,70(6), pp.2777-2812. De la Mothe, J. and Paquet, G. eds., 2012.Local and regional systems of innovation(Vol. 14). Springer Science Business Media. Drucker, P., 2014.Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge. Galbraith, J.K., 2015.The new industrial state. Princeton University Press. Haufler, V., 2013.A public role for the private sector: Industry self-regulation in a global economy. Carnegie Endowment. Jin, X., Wah, B.W., Cheng, X. and Wang, Y., 2015. Significance and challenges of big data research.Big Data Research,2(2), pp.59-64. Lee, S.M., Olson, D.L. and Trimi, S., 2012. Co-innovation: convergenomics, collaboration, and co-creation for organizational values.Management Decision,50(5), pp.817-831. Murray, M., 2013.Corporate social responsibility in the construction industry. Routledge. Narula, R., 2014.Globalization and technology: Interdependence, innovation systems and industrial policy. John Wiley Sons. Poynter, T.A., 2012.Multinational enterprises and government intervention(Vol. 32). Routledge. Samad, T. and Kiliccote, S., 2012. Smart grid technologies and applications for the industrial sector.Computers Chemical Engineering,47, pp.76-84. Vonortas, N.S., 2012.Cooperation in research and development(Vol. 11). Springer Science Business Media. Yami, S. and Nemeh, A., 2014. Organizing coopetition for innovation: The case of wireless telecommunication sector in Europe.Industrial Marketing Management,43(2), pp.250-260. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-80836032565395864442019-12-03T12:13:00.001-08:002019-12-03T12:13:03.604-08:00The Nation Takes Shape Essays - States Of The United States The Nation Takes Shape The Nation Takes Shape by Marcus Cunliffe published by the University of Chicago Press 1789-1800 Bobby Earl Ms. C. Love February 12, 1998 The period of time from 1789 to 1839 was an age of growth for the United States of America; the United States grew bigger and better in general, it expanded into the West, and its commerce and industry also grew substantially. This is in part because of the great political leaders such as George Washington, Thomas Jefferson, and Andrew Jackson, but also in part of growing national pride and the yearning to become a successful nation. America grew larger and improved greatly in the first half century of its life. The territory of the United States tripled in size as America bought large amounts of property from other nations, and the number of the states in the Union doubled. The population doubled twice from around four million people to almost sixteen million people, and by the year 1840 rolled around. American exports also quadrupled in size to about $80 million dollars in profit. The national debt from earlier years was completely paid off in this time period; a feat that has not been accomplished since. An Army and Navy were established to protect the country, and judiciary, legislative, and executive departments of the government were formed with the ratification of the Constitution of the United States of America. Transportation became much easier in America by 1840. Approximately 2500 miles of canals and 3000 miles of railroads had been constructed. Harbors, lighthouses, and dry docks had also greatly incr eased in number to aid the seafarers. In the first fifty years of its history, almost all parts of America grew enormously, from schools to post offices to forts. America was a becoming a stronger nation in a world of giants. Another area of American growth was the West. As the Constitution was being signed, virtually no one lived on the western side of the Appalachian mountains. The Louisiana Purchase doubled the United States in size, however, and people soon started to expand into the empty space. At first, the thirteen original states argued over land boundaries from the colonial times. Eventually, they all ceded the controversial land to the United States government. The American government soon issued the Northwest Ordinance to deal with the land in the northwest. The ordinance divided up the territory into townships of thirty-six square mile sections. Each square mile would be sold at about $640. The ordinance also set the requirements the territory had to meet to be given a non-voting representative in Congress and to be eligible for statehood. The Northwest Ordinance also outlawed slavery in the Northwest Territory. There were other residents of this territory, however. Many Native Americans were pushed out after Mad Anthony Wayne defeated them at Fallen Timbers. Also, Jay's Treaty prevented the British from intervening in the Northwest Territory any longer. This eradication of non-Americans left room for many more people to move west and gave them a more secure feeling of safety. There were quite a few more reasons that people wanted to move out west. One of the reasons was because of the lack of farming land in the east. In the Northeast the soil was too rocky and poor to be able to sustain profitable farms. In the middle states, the soil was being eroded away; the tobacco plantations were ruining the soil in the South. Another reason was because the ideal of Manifest Destiny, the belief that the United States should reach from coast to coast, was becoming more popular. For these reasons and more, the population in the West grew rapidly, and the empty territories quickly became states. Another area in which America grew considerably was in commerce and industry. Before the Revolution, the colonies and Britain had established a relationship in which the colonies would export many raw products to Britain, and Britain would export many finished products to America. After the Revolution, Britain remained the United States' most valuable trading partner, but America also opened up to some new foreign markets, such as those in Latin America, the Mediterranean, and the Far East, areas economically controlled by major European powers. Between the years of 1793 to 1815, wars raged Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-58886545295115196392019-11-27T14:46:00.001-08:002019-11-27T14:46:05.130-08:00Thumb Dominance free essay sample This experiment will determine whether for thumbs of clasped hands is a relationship between R-handedness or left handedness and which thumb is clasped on top of the other thumb. Question: * Does one inherited trait always influence another closely related trait? Research Reiss M. The genetics of hand-claspinga review and a familial study. Ann Hum Biol 1999 Jan-Feb; 26(1):39-48 Hand-clasping refers to the preferential tendency for individuals to clasp the hands together. This paper reviews the previous literature on family data and twins, and reports new data. In this study about 55% of the population are left-hand-claspers, 44% are right-hand-claspers, and the remaining 1% report that they have no preference or are indifferent. Familial data suggest that hand-clasping may be under genetic control: although the data do not fit any straightforward recessive or dominant Mendelian model, they are compatible with the type of model invoking fluctuating asymmetry which has been used to explain the inheritance of handedness and arm-folding. We will write a custom essay sample on Thumb Dominance or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is possible that hand-clasping, as for example arm-folding, may be an idiosyncrasy due to or influenced by physical bilateral differences in the hands. All data together are suggestive of a genetic basis, although environmental influences are also evident. http://www. bio. net/bionet/mm/neur-sci/2001-November/047260. html Hypothesis There is no correlation between which thumb is on top and the hand dominance when the hands are clasped. In this hypothesis we accept that these two characteristics are genetically unrelated. Data Collected Table 1: consists of all the data collected. Full data is located at the end of report. * Neither means that the subjects placed their thumbs side by side each other. Table 1: consists of all the data collected. Full data is located at the end of report. * Neither means that the subjects placed their thumbs side by side each other. # of Participant| Right handed| R. H. Dominate| L. H Dominate| Neither| Left handed| R. H. Dominate| L. H Dominate| Neither| 40| 30| 9| 17| 4| 10| 7| 2| 1| We were asked to gather information from subjects regarding right or left dominates. 0 subjects were approached and asked to clasps their hands together and if they were right or left handed. The data was collected categorised in the table above. The graph shows the total results collected. We were asked to gather information from subjects regarding right or left dominates. 40 subjects were approached and asked to clasps their hands together and if they were right or left handed. The data was collected categorised in the table above. The graph shows the total results collected. Table 2: consists of all the data compiled Table 2: consists of all the data compiled Conclusion This experiment was more interesting than I expected. At first I thought that everyone that was right handed would be left hand dominate and the opposite if they were left handed. I was intrigued to find out that this isnââ¬â¢t the case, after testing the first few subject I released that there are some people that donââ¬â¢t even naturally cross their thumbs, they just naturally place their thumbs side by side. Another interesting conclusion was my parents, I just assumed that the results would be the same as mine but they were completely opposite. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-52887074548205268112019-11-23T22:20:00.001-08:002019-11-23T22:20:05.132-08:00A Tale Of Two Cities Essays (768 words) - English-language FilmsA Tale Of Two Cities Essays (768 words) - English-language Films A Tale Of Two Cities It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness . . . Dickens begins A Tale of Two Cities with this famous sentence. It describes the spirit of the era in which this novel takes place. This era is the latter part of the 1700s - a time when relations between Britain and France were strained, America declared its independence, and the peasants of France began one of the bloodiest revolutions in history. In short, it was a time of liberation and a time of terrible violence. Dickens describes the two cities at the center of the novel: Paris, a city of extravagance, aristocratic abuses, and other evils that lead to revolution and London, a city rife with crime, capital punishment, and disorder. In both cities, the capabilities of an angry mob were a dangerous thing, to be feared by all. The tale begins on a road between London and Dover (in southern England) in 1775. Three strangers in a carriage are traveling along this dangerous road. The carriage encounters a messenger on a horse who asks for one of the passengers, Jarvis Lorry of Tellson's Bank. They are wary, because the messenger could be a highwayman, robber, or other undesirable. However, Mr. Lorry ventures out into the rain to receive the message. He recognizes the messenger as a man named Jerry, who works for Tellson's Bank, as well. Jerry tells him to wait at Dover for the young lady. Lorry tells Jerry to relay to the people at the Bank this message: Recalled to Life. Jerry has no idea what it means and rides off into the rain. Dickens then ponders how the heart of a person is a true mystery. Lorry can tell who or at least of what class the two other passengers are. Traveling on, Lorry dozes in and out of dreams. His dreams reveal to the reader that his mission is to metaphorically dig a man out of the grave. He dreams of imaginary conversations with this man he is to recall to life. Buried how long? Lorry always asks. Almost eighteen years, replies the man. Lorry brings the man in his dreams to see a woman (the young woman of which Jerry the messenger spoke). But the man does not know if he still wishes to live or if he can bear to see the young lady after having been buried for eighteen long years. Upon arriving at an inn in Dover, Lorry waits for the young lady. Here the reader learns that the sixty-year-old Lorry is a well-dressed businessman who works for Tellson's Bank. Tellson's has an office in London, and an office in Paris. Lorry is above all a man of business, and tries to reduce everything to business terms. When the young lady arrives, Lorry goes to see her. She is Lucie Manette, a seventeen-year-old orphan. Lucie believes that she must go to Paris with Lorry because Tellson's Bank has discovered something regarding her dead father's small bit of property. However, Lorry nervously tells her the truth: Her father was a well known scientist in France, whom Lorry knew while working at Tellson's French office. Lucie vaguely recognizes Lorry because he brought her to London many years ago when she was orphaned and Tellson's Bank was put in charge of her. Lucie is shocked when she learns that Tellson's has found her father alive in Paris. He was imprisoned in the Bastille (a famous French prison) for eighteen years, but no one knows why. Lorry calls in the servants, and a strong, brusque woman (who we later discover is Lucie's servant and who essentially raised her) comes in to take care of the young lady. Commentary The two cities are very important to the development of this novel. Both are violent cities rife with injustice. The characters travel between them throughout the novel. The cities provide two distinct settings, each with its own secrets and perils. The major themes of this novel are resurrection and revolution. The first of the two themes is introduced in this section. Resurrection is the literal action of bringing the dead back to life. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-5475021636306290232019-11-21T05:58:00.001-08:002019-11-21T05:58:06.691-08:00The Saudization of Iraqi Families Living in Saudi Arabia EssayThe Saudization of Iraqi Families Living in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example The Sixth Development Plan i.e. of 1995-2000 conceives a total of approx 472 billion Riyals, which includes nearly approx 212.7 billion Riyals from the private sector. At the end of the plan, investment increased by 2 % (approximately) to 481 billion Riyals out of which 292 billion Riyals were invested from the private sector itself (Kawach, 2003). Saudi Arabia implements ââ¬ËSaudizationââ¬â¢ as a growth strategy that reinstates the foreign workers with Saudis. It is primarily initiated by introducing economic reforms to open up the economy. This is to done not only to increase effectiveness through costless & efficient markets, but to create new jobs through the extension of the inflows of FDIs. It is one of the main conditions of WTO membership, and also with the GCC countries (Looney, n.d.). The government has created a set of educational, political, and social reforms. The Saudization program focuses mainly on the youthââ¬â¢s unemployment. The government initiates contribution of Saudi women in labour market, where it accounts about 10.2 % of women holding jobs. These create an intense pressure on Saudi authorities to create approximately 160,000 jobs per year. Literature review forms an important and integral part of any dissertation. But the topic of this research being quite unconventional, there has not been much of the literature available on the issue. Therefore, it is planned that the literature review of the dissertation would be made up with the available contemporary publications available on this burning issue of the Middle ââ¬â East. Acculturation is the main element in understanding of social work services in West. In supplying social work services to a cultured Arab family in the West, it is important to see the balance of acculturation and its various effects on families. The cultural aspect in Arab societies were transformed by immigrants who were from Western nations, though the rate of acculturation influenced differential Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-11552661203164145912019-11-20T05:15:00.001-08:002019-11-20T05:15:03.938-08:00Religion in the Education System Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsReligion in the Education System - Essay Example Before one can establish whether or not religion is a beneficial or a corrosive element in primary and secondary education, one must first define both what religion and education consist of. One can define ââ¬Å"religionâ⬠as a set of beliefs and practices, or as a more holistic response to the events of oneââ¬â¢s life. One can define ââ¬Å"educationâ⬠as the inculcation of information from the topics set by the National Curriculum, or as a more general preparation for the rigors of adult life. Because this paper addresses religion in general, as opposed to one particular faith, such as Anglicanism or Islam, religion will be viewed as the human response to the events of life. Based on what happens in life, one may choose to follow the Judeo-Christian God, or Allah, or Buddha, or to follow no particular deity at all. Education will be viewed in a more holistic sense as well ââ¬â the role that schools play in taking Britainââ¬â¢s children and molding them into adults. It will become clear, after a review of relevant literature, that there is not one mixture of religion in education that works for every student. The multiplicity of educational choices has arisen from a multiplicity of personalities, collective life experiences, and individual responses. The Muslim educational experience in Great Britain is particularly demonstrative of this need for variety in educational choices. In the first half of 2005, the Imam Muhammad Zakariya School for Girls in Dundee received its second consecutive poor report on academics (Saeed, 2005). While Ibrahim Hewitt (2005) makes a strong case that the British government should establish and support schools run according to the Muslim philosophy of education, and that only a "complete Islamic education as delivered in a well-resourced Muslim school" will give Muslim students the "spiritual, moral, cultural, mental, and physical development of pupils" (Education Reform Act 1988) required by law, the results of the Zakariya school are troubling. However, Osama Saeed, of the Muslim Association of Britain, points to the results of Feversham College in Bradford, a Muslim school that finished at the top of the "Value Added" ranks in the same period that the Zakariya school finished so poorly (Saeed, 2005). He argues that a Muslim education will help to combat the "lack of values currently within the non-denominational sector" and that even non-Muslim parents would want their children to have the opportunity to attend Muslim schools to avoid the corrosive effects of this "selfish, consumer-driven world" (2005). Hewitt is similarly frustrated with an education system which, in his view, "largely regards religion as a nuisance best ignored" (2005). While there are some who would argue that such a parochial approach to education would intellectually shortchange students, Hewitt responds with the example of the Ennerdale and Kinniside Primary School, which is a parochial Church of England school, but which received a gold star from the educational inspectors (2005). Hewitt argues further that a parochial education more closely mirrors real life - at home, he says, children celebrate only one winter holiday - but at school, they often observe all three of the major celebrations. Hewitt also points out that the removal of religion from the classroom, is not a neutral position, but is just another choice (2005). For those who would argue that the removal of religion from the classroom would create a neutral environment, this is an important corrective - agnosticism or atheism is a religious choice. The Muslim and Anglican schools are not the only parochial environments that have produced successful students. A report in June 2005 showed that standards of academic achievement at Stage 4 in Catholic schools exceed national norms, and that Catholic schools are particularly effective at helping socially disadvantaged students who come in from the Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-71587687293064671482019-11-17T17:46:00.001-08:002019-11-17T17:46:06.200-08:00Technology in the Classroom Essay Example for Free Technology in the Classroom Essay There is no doubt technology had transformed teaching and the way students learn; however, in the world of education, there are those who believe technology is a vital asset in the classroom and there are those who completely oppose it. Either way, technology has become the leading force in society today; no one can escape it. It is important for educators to find the most effective ways of using technology in the classroom without relying solely on it. The keys to effective use of technology are remaining involved in the learning process of the student while using technology, keep teachers trained on new technology available, and never overusing it. Using technology effectively in the classroom will help develop a student who is ready and able to face the post graduation world successfully. In Becoming a Teacher, Parkay and Stanford, claim 46 percent of teachers use computers in the classroom on a weekly basis. These statistics are from the seventh edition, so it is safe to say those numbers have clearly risen and now have quite an impact in the classroom. With increasing use of technology, teachers need to make sure they are committed to the inclusion of technology in their lesson plan by developing new assessment techniques to evaluate studentsââ¬â¢ work. For instance, a teacher cannot simply grade a student on correct answers because he or she could have simply looked them up via the internet; the teacher must evaluate what the student is learning based on evidence of critical thinking and real-world problem solving. Plagiarism may become an issue with the use of technology, so it is important for educators to explain the importance of studentsââ¬â¢ writing their own material and citing sources they may have used. Parkay and Stanford also claim that, although school districts are developing new approaches to providing teachers with support for integrating technology, they are not spending an adequate amount of money on the training. With the abundance of technology available to teachers, it is important for them to receive sufficient and ongoing training. Teachers are doing everything from emailing parents to designing complete lessons that require student so use the Internet as a resource and part of their participation; these educators need to remain proficient in the ways they choose to use technology. Also, some claims are being made that students are becoming more ââ¬Å"tech savvyâ⬠than the educators and this puts the teachers at a disadvantage when assessing the students learning. Teachers are beginning to rely on the students for help in the classroom and this sets an uneven tone in the classroom; teachers will lose their credibility. Once educators begin to realize how powerful a tool the computer can be to learning, they must resist the urge to rely solely on it. It must remain clear that the computer and the Internet is just another form of literacy available to them while teaching. A lesson plan should include reading, writing, listening, speaking, and the use of technology for visual and audio stimulation. Although technology provides students with the ability to learn in a nonlinear fashion, they still need other learning tools that will provide a basis for effective overall learning. Teachers need to remain in control of the classroom lesson and not leave the students to fend for themselves while using technology. Some critics believe teachers are, in fact, overusing technology. They claim computers will not improve education, and therefore, are not needed in the classroom. Some claim older effective teaching methods will be thrown out and overlooked because of the convenience of technology. There are many difficult questions surrounding if technology should remain at the center of learning, or if teachers should consider using them as only sources of entertainment. I believe, technology provides students with effective ways of learning that keep them on-track with the increasing technological world we live in and if teachers utilize it correctly, it will prove to be an effective strategy for teaching. Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2472201825679570370.post-40904042402122661072019-11-15T06:18:00.001-08:002019-11-15T06:18:03.065-08:00Strength And Weakness Of Electronic Human Resource Commerce EssayStrength And Weakness Of Electronic Human Resource Commerce Essay In our report discusses about strength and weaknesses of electronic Human Resource and discusses some implications for future research. e-HRs software brings a high degree of homogeneity and standardization platform for smooth working in an organization. It helps to bring the control and efficiency required by HR. An initial framework the review analyzes HR professionals at organization introduced a technology based management information system (MIS). This system enabled the employees to be more efficiently administered (in theory) through an impersonal system to bring into conformity with rules for payroll, attendance and punctuality. Hence, e-HR software interface in salary decisions and others linked to people. The e-HR systems are core applications who reduce the over time of Human Resource Management. It has achieved data from an administrative function, which responsible from payroll to help in strategic decision making that can add value to an organization. Companies have now realized. The role e-HR has developed as grow of organization the primarily administrative becomes business partner. At same time e-HR provide the business possess such as stable, reliable which makes high recognition within the organization. After implementation e-HR in any organization, company can easily save there cost. Because e-HR use enterprise and internet, efficiently connect people such a way if gives all information they need. It also manages relationship, streamlines processes and improves the se of information to make strategic and operational decisions. e-HR about connecting people customers, suppliers, employees with information. Its about making organizations more efficient and more profitable INTRODUCTION Due to market development, the manager roles has changed in recent years, and partly also due to new technologies being used by the organization that they are working in. As a result, organization needs to examine their own organizational Human Resource role. (Alleyne et al, 2007) In today global markets, organizations and companies recognize that in order to compete, are based on the quality and effectiveness of their employees to succeed. Human Resource managers today need a world class Human Resource management system to help them in daily strategic and operational decision. Over the last recent years, with the advance of Intranet and Internet technologies, Human Resource tools known as electronic Human Resource management (HRM) emerged. (Hooi, 2009) Recent Development in E HR or HRIS In the 1990s client/ server systems are the ideal configuration for most companies. But in recent years, companies are beginning the tasks of migrating their legacy systems to new packages designed with more advance structure. And they are usually what we know today as Human Resource Information System (HRIS), which is part of the Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP). ERP are able to offer companies the advantage in term of functionality, storage capacity, performance and an opportunity to reengineer their HR processes. Due to the fast rapid development of technologies and changes in the fundamental of business, the Human Resource Department today cannot operate like the old days. It is not enough to have a group of people who only need to know all about the benefits plans, salary program, and career opportunity within the organization. The demand for skilled workers, especially knowledge workers, also helps to accelerate the need for HRIS to assist in strategic role of HR. (Stone et el, 2006) DEFINITION E HRM According to a group of Researcher from Singapore Ministry of Manpower, Human Capital Development Division, E-HRM refers as active use of electronic media and participation of employees with technology to helps to lower administration costs, and improve the communication of their employee with quicker access to information, and reduce time needed in processing. (Hooi, 2009) Human Resource Information System (HRIS) basically is a human resource database system that allows you to keep track of all types of Human Resource information related to the organization and its human capital. However, not all companies that name their system an HRIS Human Resource Information System are comprehensive enough. If the human Resource system, are only able to handles one or two functions, example such as benefits like administration or payroll, then we do not consider it as a comprehensive HRIS. (Bondarouk Ruel, 2009) Electronic Human Resource (EHR) it refers to conducting business transaction in human resource related using the Internet. (LengnickHall Moritz 2003) Usually refer usually to Employee Management System that is normally refers to browser based Human Resource web portal. Unlike HRIS, E-HR or Employee Management System can usually handles limited functions or benefits, such as payroll and leave application. The growth of E-HR was due to the rapid development of Internet technologies in the 1990s. With point and click ease of use, E- HR are usually very user friendly and easy to use. Widely used by companies especially small and medium enterprise, who cant afford a comprehensive Human Resource System such as HRIS. Human Resource Management (HRM) it refer to a form of support function that services its own internal customers, example employee. (Alleyne et al, 2007) Critical Analysis of Electronic Human Resources (e-HR) In recent years, with the advancement of intranet and internet, enable a new wave of human resource (HR) technology to emerge, with the aim to assist human resources administrative functions. With these e-HRM functions, HR service is expected to improve by both the management and employees. (Hooi, 2009) As more and more Human Resource Departments moving toward Internet or Web-based Technology, we need to evaluate and make comparison between the Online Human Resource Management and Traditional Human Resource Management System. (Payne et al, 2009) Background Strategic human resources and e-HRM Strength The major functional roles of E-HR are to support Human Resource processes such as are recruiting, training and performance management. (Stone el, 2006) The growing trend in E-HR allows the development of tools such as Employee Self- Service (ESS) Employee Self Service or ESS gives the employee of the organization the ability to access, maintaining his or her own personal HR Information online. The employee self-service (ESS) capabilities allow and enable the employees to create, view, and modify data anytime and anywhere by themselves, using multiple technologies. With easy or ease of accessing to the information they need to do their jobs, the employees can also manage duties that were previously handled for them by personnel from HR department, with an employee centric portal. ESS also helps to expedite life, and work changes, freeing the HR professionals from mundane HR related administrative tasks and allowing them to dedicate more of their time and resources to a something more strategic initiatives. Managerial Self-Service (MSS) Enable the managers to access a variety of HR-related tools and information online. Most manager HR-related tasks can be done via MSS applications example like payroll administration or compensation, staff performance management, hiring, and employee career or training development. Overall, the main strength that an Electronic Human Resource System allows: Employees to improve or maintain job performance Set standards for Human Resources work process Give recognition to job related accomplishments Enhance Communication and working relationship between employee and departments Identify the performance of individual employee Outline the responsibility of employee and supervisory. (Payne et el, 2009) Developing human resources: With the help of internet and intranet in development and training is the mostly examine element of e-HR and without any doubt the one with the most existing in possibility in terms of cost and benefits. The web-based software can be used for assessment training, and management career of all e-learning activity. For the less paperwork and more benefit including getting more information on training, and assessment it provide e mail and electronic forms of intranet or the restricted web site. Lower administration cost, shorter distribution and response time, and higher response rate (McClelland, 1994). Changes in the role of the HR function: They all agreed that the adoption of e-HR will definitely support HR functions. It will help making administrative tasks easier and more productive. Apart from the administrative processes, other HR processes such as innovation, communication, and learning and career planning will be improved and supported with the use of e-HR. So the result, e-HR use can support not only the traditional HR role but also the alignment of HR functions with the organizations strategic objectives. However, two of the participants commented that HR has a long way to go before results and benefits of e-HR adoption, especially for HR development, will be tangible The benefits as show in fig: Weaknesses: The list below summarizes the reasons for adopting and not adopting e-HR for users and non-users respectively. Companies using e-HR: facilitation of the recruitment process; benefits for communication; and Cost effectiveness. Companies not using e-HR: limited usefulness; security concerns; inconsistency with practices used; and Other practical problems. Their only disadvantage is to loss of confidentiality. E-learning includes the learning activity supported by information technologies. It can take local intranet computers, or full access to internet, drawing upon a full range of multimedia, links to other sites and resources, downloadable streaming videos and communication systems (Sambrook, 2003). E-learning offers a solution to training in remote. Issues: available on www.emeraldinsight.com/0048-3486.htm Nowadays, organization reaches capability of existing to run HR operations more efficiently. For more efficiently work we need to combined together in one hand for this gather the information and communication technology. The main issue is swift development of electronic HR systems (Stanton and Coovert, 2004; Fletcher, 2005). The E-HR provide the facilitate to more efficient and strategic way of working for HR. since e HR technology runs parallel to the introduction administrative support of the HR. it very difficult to map it. For example Reception and assimilation by employees is considered to be an important factor when implementing E-HRM. The ability to cope with changes in the HR function and The current issue and full text archive of this journal is available at the support that is provided to employees during E-HRM implementation is also deemed essential (Haines and Petit, 1997; Fisher and Howell, 2004; Ruta, 2004; Rueà ¨let al., 2004). However, there is little empirical knowledge on concurrent employee Brief Analysis of whether e-hr is contributing towards HR becoming more strategic Most of us, I believe will be convinced that using E-HR will significantly help the company to improve the delivery of the HR services to the organization. Higher efficiencies, and higher customer satisfaction, no doubt will help to lower costs, due to redesigned processes and eliminate manual work process. Definitely e-hr has the potential to be able contribute towards HR becoming more strategic. But for E-HR to be able to play a more strategic role, there must be a strong business case. Emerging strategic e-HRM research tend to fit and focus on business strategy. (Marler, 2009) A business case can be mystifying. For the case of web-based or E-HR business can be used to address all types of questions, for example: Do we really need a Web-Based solution? Do we need to implement employee or manager self services? Can we use our existing intranet for HR transaction? Are we going to use the existing legacy human resource system as the underlying database for web solution, or a Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) System? Can we plan and implement a shared services group as part of the Web initiative? Should we go for one-vendor HR portal strategy, or should we go with a best-of-breed approach? A business case must always, built around objectives like type of business, financial, functional, operational, or some combination. Meaning we need to provide the business management with cost benefit and return on investment data in hard economic terms. How can E-HR help the organization in strategic role? To business, the core objective is to make more money. The concern and questions ask by management is how E-HR can help the business to reduce expenses or increase in their revenue strategically? Questions on the mind of the management like, what can we gain from: Productivity savings Improve quality and reduced rework Sourcing Saving Make services more cheaply and higher quality Information System Saving Reduce the maintenance of existing systems Other Saving. Save the cost of material like paper, computer printout. But the most important aspect and core functions of E-HR strategic benefits can bring to a organization are: Recruitment What talent do we need? Sourcing and attracting Who is the right talent? Where is the right talent? How to attract the talent to joins us. Assessment and evaluation Identify, evaluate and select the right people we want. Hire What is the right offer that we can offer attracts the candidate to join the organization? Deployment Move people into the right position in the organization that can utilize their talent. Retention- How can we keep the talent invested, and engaged in the organization? In todays globalization competition, the strong demand for skilled workers, especially knowledge workers, also helps to accelerate the need for HRIS to assist in strategic role of HR. (Stone et al 2006) Conclusion The HR plays a very important role in any Origination, as well as HR builds a bridge between top management and employers. Nowadays there is a big competitive market for any organization. So they want to expand their organization up to certain level to meet their requirements. Once the organization grows the work load for HR will increase and they will be unable to manage all the work manually. So for avoiding this kind of situation in the organization they need a integrated system in their company. That time e-HR comes in the picture, which suits their needs, Such as Employee Self- Service (ESS) Managerial Self-Service (MSS) Management Information system (MIS) Developing human resources Changes in the role of the HR function The future E-HR will become more sophisticated, and more individualized tools for both managers and employees. Improved decision making tools will benefit both the organizations and employee. (LengnickHall Moritz 2003) Amalia Corbitthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/16447085851171436853noreply@blogger.com0